Urodynamic tests are considered the gold standard in diagnosing problems with the lower urinary tract. A series of tests are performed to characterize the functioning of the bladder and urethra for elucidation of problems such as incontinence, bladder obstruction, and even cancer.
What cause of bladder spasms after urinating? Bladder spasms happen when your bladder muscles contract or tighten also refers to a symptom caused by bladder-like diseases.